What are "social determinants of health"?

Social determinants of health refer to the various conditions in which individuals are born, grow, live, work, and age that significantly influence health outcomes. These determinants encompass a range of socio-economic factors, including income level, education, employment status, social support, and the physical environment. This concept emphasizes that health is not merely a consequence of genetics or individual behavior, but is deeply connected to the broader social context in which people exist.

In this framework, factors like access to healthcare services, availability of nutritious food, quality housing, and neighborhood safety can all play crucial roles in determining health outcomes. For instance, individuals who reside in communities with limited access to healthy food may face higher risks of chronic diseases, illustrating how their environment directly impacts their health.

Understanding social determinants is essential for healthcare professionals and policymakers as it drives the approach to improve public health through interventions that address these root causes rather than merely treating diseases. Addressing social determinants is essential for achieving health equity and improving the overall health of populations.